Хронология переводов Корана

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Historical (up to the 21st century)

7–10 век

The second known translation was into Greek. We know nothing about who made this translation, or for what purpose. It is however very probable that it was a complete translation. We know of it (and substantial fragments are preserved) because it was used by Nicetas Byzantius, a scholar from Constantinople, in his 'Refutatio' written between 855 and 870.[2]

  • Although not existing today, a Sindhi translation was completed in 884 in Alwar (present-day Sindh, Pakistan), which had been commissioned by Abdullah bin Umar bin Abdul Aziz.[3]

This is inferred from two references: "… an anonymous early 9th century Kashmiri Hindu king ..." wrote a letter to Amir Abdullah bin Umar bin Abdul Aziz of Mansura, requesting him to dispatch a scholar to his court who could explain the tenets of the Islamic shariah in the language "al-Hindia".[4] The 9th century Arab traveller Buzurg bin Shahryar mentions in his travelogue, Aja’ib-ul Hind [‘The Wonders of India’], that the Hindu king of Mehroke in Kashmir had commissioned the preparation of a Kashmiri translation of the Holy Qur’an.[5]

10 век

  • Tafsir-e Tabari: The first complete translation of the Quran in Persian, along with its tafsir, which has survived till today. The book is a translation of Tafsir al-Tabari in Arabic.

11 век

  • Persian translation which is called "Qur'an Quds" which was translated by an unknown translator.[6]
  • Kashf al-Israr wa 'Eddat al-Abrar: Complete translation and tafsir of Quran in Persian by one of the students of Abu Mansur Abdullah al-Ansari. The book is available and has been published.

12 век

13 век

16 век

  • 1543 reprint Latin text of Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete (1143), edited by Theodor Bibliander.[7]
  • 1547 enigmatical Italian edition, printed at Venice

17 век

  • 17th century Malay, Tafsir Tarjuman al-Mustafid by Shaikh Abdur Ra'uf al-Fansuri from Aceh Sultanate. This is the first translation in Malay language. The translation is in classical Malay language (not to be confused with Malaysian language) before it evolved into Indonesian language and Malaysian language in modern time. This translation was written with Jawi script.[8][9]
  • 1616, German, Alcoranus Mahometicus from Italian by Salomon Schweigger, Nuremberg.
  • 1632, Latin, Turcarum Alcoranus from Arabic by Johann Zechendorff (1580-1662), unpublished manuscript[10]
  • 1647, French, L'Alcoran de Mahomet from Arabic by Andre du Ryer, the third from the original Arabic directly into a European language, the first two being to Latin (12th century, 13th century).
  • 1649, English, Alcoran of Mahomet from the French by Alexander Ross.
  • 1657, Dutch, Mahomets Alkoran translated from the French by Jan Hendriksz Glazemaker.
  • 1698, Latin, a third Latin translation from Arabic, extensively annotated, sometimes from a Christian perspective, preceded by a biography of the Prophet and a discussion of Islamic doctrines, by Father Louis Maracci, Padua.[11]

18 век

  • 1716, Russian, «Алкоран о Магомете, или Закон турецкий» (Al-Koran of Mahomet, or the Turkish Law) by P. V. Postnikov.[12]
  • 1734, English, The Koran by George Sale, Translated into English immediately from the original Arabic with explanatory notes and commentaries and evidently making use of the Latin translation of Maracci (1698).[13]
  • 1749, Sindh, "Tafsir-e-Hashmi" by Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi. First commentary of the Holy Quran in Sindhi and the most ancient translation of Quran in Sindhi that could be found. Popularly called as the first Sindhi translation that got to be known also.
  • 1790, Russian, "Книга Аль-Коран аравлянина Магомета …" by M. I. Veryovkin.
  • 1792, Russian, "Ал-Коран Магомедов …" by A. V. Kolmakov.

19 век

  • 1834, Gustav Leberecht Flügel's text formed the foundation of modern Qur'an research and the basis for several new translations into European languages.[14]
  • 1858, Polish, Quran (al Quran) by Jan Murza Tarak Buczacki.
  • 1861, English, The Koran by John Medows Rodwell.[11]
  • 1864, Russian, "Коран Магомеда" by K. Nikolayev.
  • 1871 (issued 1995), Russian, "Коран Магомеда" by D. N. Boguslavsky.
  • 1878 (reissued a lot of times), Russian, "Коран, законодательная книга мохаммеданского вероучения" by G. S. Sablukov.
  • 1880, English, The Koran, by Edward Henry Palmer.
  • 1886, Bengali, by Girish Chandra Sen

20 век

later translated into various other languages including English.

21 век

  • 2002, Russian, "Коран" by E. R. Kuliyev.
  • 2010, Telugu Language, Divya Quran Sandesham by Dr. Abdul-Raheem Mohammed Moulana
  • 2014, URDU Language, "MUTALAEH QURAN مطالعہ قرآن" by ABDULLAH can be downloaded at https://sites.google.com/site/myquranpak
  • 2014, URDU Language "Mukammal Tafseerul Quran" by Mufti shaukat Ali Fehmi, Published by Din Dunia Publishing Co. jama masjid Delhi

Примечания

  1. ↑ An-Nawawi, Al-Majmu', (Cairo, Matbacat at-'Tadamun n.d.), 380.
  2. ↑ Christian Høgel, "An early anonymous Greek translation of the Qur'an. The fragments from Niketas Byzantios' Refutatio and the anonymous Abjuratio", Collectanea Christiana Orientalia 7 (2010), pp. 65–119; Kees Versteegh, "Greek translations of the Quran in Christian polemics (9th century)", Zeitschrift der Deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft 141 (1991); Astérios Argyriou, "Perception de l'Islam et traductions du Coran dans le monde byzantin grec", Byzantion 75 (2005); Christian Høgel, The Greek Qur'an: scholarship and evaluations. Orientalia Suecana, 61 (Suppl.) (2013), pp. 173–180.
  3. ↑ English Translations of the Quran " Crescent. Monthlycrescent.com. Проверено 14 мая 2013.
  4. ↑ Directorate of Information, Kashmir Today, Srinagar: Government of Jammu and Kashmir, 1998, pp. 113–14.
  5. ↑ Khwaja Muhammad 'Azam Didamari, Waqi'at-i-Kashmir (The History of Kashmir) [translated by Khwaja Hamid Yazdani], Srinagar: Jammu and Kashmir Islamic Research Center, 1998, p. 117.
  6. ↑ Qur'an Quds.
  7. ↑ Qur'an translation by T. Bibliander, etc. from msgr.ca.
  8. ↑ Syeikh Abdur Rauf Fansuri pentafsir al-Quran pertama dalam bahasa Melayu
  9. ↑ Tarjuman al-Mustafid
  10. ↑ Roberto Tottoli: The Latin Translation of the Qurʾān by Johann Zechendorff (1580-1662) discovered in Cairo Dār al-Kutub. Oriente Moderno, 95.2015, S. 5–31
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 Qur'an translation by T. Bibliander, etc. from msgr.ca.
  12. ↑ П. В. Густерин. Первый переводчик и первое издание Корана на русском языке // Исламоведение. — 2011. — № 1.
  13. ↑ One of the copies owned by American Founding Father Thomas Jefferson, on which Keith Ellison, the first Muslim elected to Congress, was sworn.
  14. ↑ Information about Qur'an's translations from website idc.nl in pdf format.
  15. ↑ The Lahore Ahmadiyya Islamic Movement.
  16. ↑ Quran, English Translation
  17. ↑ http://quranicresources.com/Translation.htm.
Источник — https://www.tr.holyquran.wiki/index.php?title=Хронология_переводов_Корана&oldid=6341